Overview
Topology defines how devices are connected and how data flows between them. There are two types: Physical Topology (the actual layout of cables and devices) and Logical Topology (how data appears to flow, regardless of the physical layout).
Common Topologies
- Star: All nodes connect to a central hub or switch.
- Mesh: Nodes are interconnected with multiple paths.
- Bus: All nodes share a single communication line.
- Ring: Each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a circle.
- Tree: A hierarchical arrangement of star networks.
Importance
The choice of topology affects the network's cost, scalability, performance, and reliability.