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From CommonJS to HTTP: The Evolution of JavaScript Module Specifiers

From CommonJS to HTTP: The Evolution of JavaScript Module Specifiers

JavaScript’s module import system has morphed from the familiar CommonJS require to a multi‑protocol ecosystem that includes node:, npm:, jsr:, and HTTPS URLs. This article traces the milestones—from Node’s node: protocol to Deno’s HTTP imports, npm: protocol, and the recent jsr: and package.json support—examining how each shift reshaped developer workflows and the broader ecosystem.