Overview
The MMU is a specialized part of the CPU (or a separate chip) that translates virtual memory addresses into physical addresses. It is the hardware foundation for virtual memory and memory protection.
Functions
- Address Translation: Mapping virtual addresses to physical RAM.
- Memory Protection: Ensuring one program cannot access the memory of another program or the operating system.
- Cache Control: Managing how data is stored in the CPU caches.
Importance
Without an MMU, modern multi-tasking operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux would not be able to function securely or efficiently.