Overview
The Network Layer (Layer 3) is responsible for moving data between different networks. It handles logical addressing (IP addresses) and determines the best path for data to travel from source to destination.
Key Functions
- Routing: Selecting the optimal path through interconnected networks.
- Logical Addressing: Assigning unique IP addresses to devices.
- Fragmentation and Reassembly: Breaking large packets into smaller ones if needed.
Protocols and Devices
- IP (IPv4/IPv6): The primary protocol at this layer.
- ICMP: Used for error reporting and diagnostics (e.g., ping).
- Router: The primary device operating at this layer.