Overview
A switch operates at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2). Unlike a hub, which broadcasts data to all ports, a switch learns the MAC addresses of connected devices and only sends data to the specific port where the destination device is located.
Key Features
- MAC Address Table: Stores the mapping of MAC addresses to physical ports.
- Full Duplex: Allows devices to send and receive data simultaneously.
- VLAN Support: Can logically divide a single physical switch into multiple virtual networks.
- PoE (Power over Ethernet): Can provide power to devices like IP cameras or phones.
Types
- Unmanaged: Plug-and-play, no configuration.
- Managed: Offers advanced features like VLANs, QoS, and monitoring.