Overview
Correlation describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables. It is typically measured by the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r), which ranges from -1 to +1.
Types of Correlation
- Positive Correlation (+1): As one variable increases, the other also increases.
- Negative Correlation (-1): As one variable increases, the other decreases.
- No Correlation (0): No linear relationship exists between the variables.
Important Note
Correlation does not imply causation. Two variables can be highly correlated without one causing the other (e.g., ice cream sales and drowning incidents are correlated because of a third variable: summer heat).