Overview
Rollups 'roll up' or bundle hundreds of transactions into a single batch. This batch is then submitted to the Layer 1 (like Ethereum). Because the data is on the L1, rollups inherit its security.
Main Types
- Optimistic Rollups: Assume transactions are valid by default and only run computations if a fraud-proof is submitted.
- ZK-Rollups: Use complex mathematical proofs (Zero-Knowledge Proofs) to prove that every transaction in the batch is valid before submitting it.
Impact
Rollups are currently the primary strategy for scaling Ethereum while maintaining decentralization.