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Zero-Knowledge Proof

A cryptographic method by which one party can prove to another that they know a specific piece of information without revealing the information itself.

AbbreviationZKP
Categoryweb

Overview

ZKPs allow for 'trustless' verification. For example, you could prove you are over 18 without revealing your actual birthdate, or prove you have enough money for a transaction without revealing your total balance.

Types in Blockchain

  • zk-SNARKs: Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge (used by Zcash and many rollups).
  • zk-STARKs: Scalable Transparent Argument of Knowledge (more scalable and quantum-resistant).

Applications

  • Privacy: Hiding transaction details on public ledgers.
  • Scalability: Powering ZK-Rollups to verify thousands of transactions at once.

Related Terms

ZK-RollupMerkle TreeLayer 2