Overview
An air-gapped system is physically disconnected from any external network. This is the highest level of security and is used for critical systems like nuclear power plant controls, military networks, and high-value financial systems.
Challenges
While highly secure, air-gapped systems are not invincible. Data can still be transferred via physical media (e.g., USB drives), and sophisticated attacks can use electromagnetic, acoustic, or thermal signals to exfiltrate data.
Importance
Air gapping is a key component of protecting critical infrastructure from remote cyberattacks.