Overview
Small cells are a critical part of 5G networks, especially when using high-frequency millimeter wave (mmWave) signals, which have a very short range and are easily blocked by walls and trees. They are used to 'densify' the network in urban areas and provide indoor coverage.
Types
- Femtocells: Smallest range, typically used in homes.
- Picocells: Used in small businesses or public spaces (malls, train stations).
- Microcells: Largest range of the small cells, used to cover a few city blocks.
Benefits
- Increased Capacity: Offloads traffic from the main 'macro' cell towers.
- Improved Coverage: Fills in 'dead zones' in the network.
- Higher Speeds: Allows users to be closer to the base station.